Notes
Slide Show
Outline
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Meaning-for-Meaning
in Speech-to-Text Services:
A Better Understanding
  • Cindy Camp  •  Judy Colwell  •  Pamela Francis


  • Presented at the PEPNet 2008 Biennial Conference
  • April 16, 2008 – Columbus, Ohio
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Overview
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What is Meaning-for-Meaning?
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What is Meaning-for-Meaning?
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What is Meaning-for-Meaning?
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Translate… Paraphrase…?
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Benefits
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Words Versus Intent
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Meaning-for-Meaning or Verbatim?
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Meaning-for-Meaning or Verbatim?
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Mental Processes
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Processing Models for Interpreters
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Colonomos Model
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Gish Model of Interpreting
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Cokely Model
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Sample Transcripts
  • Verbatim
  • Meaning-for-Meaning
  • Meaning-for-Meaning
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Skills Required for Service Providers
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Strategies for Service Providers Œ
  • Strong short term memory
    • Listen to a practice lecture.  Do not begin typing until the 3rd word is spoken.  Then increase the lag time to the 5th word, then to the 10th.
    • Listen to a practice lecture tape.  Allow it to play for one minute and then pause the audio.  Type as much of what you hear as you can remember.  Slowly increase the amount of time that you listen before pausing to type.


  • Ý
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Strategies for Service Providers
  • Expansive vocabulary
    • Subscribe to a Word of the Day email group.  Each day you can learn an new word.  Practice the words but making it a group activity with co-workers.  See who can use the word of the day the most times correctly within that day.
      • http://dictionary.reference.com/wordoftheday/list/
    • http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/vocabulary.htm
    • http://www.english-test.net/gre/vocabulary/meanings/180/gre-test.php


    • Ý
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Strategies for Service Providers Ž
  • Good comprehension of standard English
    • Read a book a month.
    • Utilize online grammar exercises.
      • http://www2.actden.com/writ_Den/index.htm
      • http://owl.english.purdue.edu/handouts/general/gl_sentclar.html
      • http://www.collegeboard.com/student/testing/sat/prep_one/improv_sent/pracStart.html



      • Ý
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Strategies for Service Providers
  • Knowledge of cultural and syntactical references
    • Deaf culture
      • Attend deaf events.
      • Take a sign language class.
      • http://www.deaf-culture-online.com/index.html
      • http://www.aslinfo.com/deafculture.cfm
    • Idioms
      • http://www.usingenglish.com/reference/idioms/
      • http://humanities.byu.edu/elc/student/idioms/idiomsmain.html
    • Colloquialisms
      • http://www.usingenglish.com/links/Slang_and_Colloquialisms/index.html
      • http://www.word2word.com/slangad.html
      • Ý
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Strategies for Service Providers
  • Broad knowledge base
    • Watch educational programs and keep up with current events.
    • Borrow a text book to accompany classes you caption for.
    • Discuss with instructors what their goals are for each class session.
    • Listen to academic podcasts during your commute.



    • Ý
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Strategies for Service Providers ‘
  • Good summarization skills
    • Record the nightly news or a program from Discovery or the History Channel. Listen to a short segment (5 minutes or less) and then pause the tape.  Summarize the information in a single sentence.  Then summarize the same information in 3 sentences and finally a short paragraph.  Reword the summarizations until they accurately capture the information in varying degrees of detail.



    • Ý
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Strategies for Service Providers ’
  • Fast typing speed
    • http://www.typingtest.com
    • http://www.learn2type.com/TypingTest

  • Sources for practice lectures:
  • http://www.apple.com/education/itunesu_mobilelearning/itunesu.html
    • Download iTunes software (free).
    • Go to iTunes Store and choose
  • http://disability411.jinkle.com/
    • Podcasts on disability related issues.
  • http://www.oculture.com/2006/10/university_podc.html
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Meaning-for-Meaning Analysis:
Common Uses
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Commonalities Among
Meaning-for-Meaning Analysis Methods
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Time and Effort to Analyze
(a one-hour lecture)
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Two Kinds of Analysis Methods
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The Desired Qualities
of a Real-time Transcript
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“Quick” Quantitative Analysis
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Problem Sample #1
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Problem Sample #2
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Problem Sample #3
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Sample Problem #4
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Mystery Solvers
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Using What You Learn from the
Quick Analysis
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Conclusion
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"Thank you for joining us..."